Regenerative medicine also referred as Stem Cells therapy can be defined as the process of regenerating human cells, to heals the body damaged tissue or organ and therefore restore normal function.
Stem cells are issued from two main sources: adult body tissues and embryos.
Adult Body:
Bone marrow is a soft gelatinous tissue found at the center of your bones. Mesenchymal stem cells were first found in bone marrow, and it is still the most frequently used source of mesenchymal stem cells. Subsequently, hematopoietic or blood stem cells were also found in the marrow, making it an attractive candidate for regenerative medicine and therapeutic purposes.
The adipose tissue or body fat - derived stem cells are mesenchymal cells that have the power to self-renew . They can then differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocytes, osteoblasts, and neurocytes, in addition to other cell types. These stem cells are easy access compare to the ones in the bone marrow and have shown to have an important a major roles in reconstructive and tissue engineering fields to develop new treatments.
Embryos:
Embryonic stem cells reside within the interior cell mass of the blastocyst, a developmental stage occurring approximately five days post-fertilization. These cells possess remarkable potential for proliferation and differentiation, making them invaluable for scientific research and therapeutic applications. Derived from embryos before implantation, typically at 4–5 days old, these cells are known as blastocysts, representing a crucial stage in early embryonic development.
Their unique properties make embryonic stem cells a focus of intense study, offering insights into fundamental biological processes and holding promise for regenerative medicine. These cells hold the potential to differentiate into various cell types, offering hope for treating a wide range of diseases and injuries.
Stem cells have captured the imagination of many due to their potential for treatment of many diseases as well as rejuvenating healthy tissues and organs. Stem cells are cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. They also serve to suppress inflammation and promote the regeneration of body’s own cells. Due to the above characters, they have been increasingly used in the treatment of different clinical conditions. These include:
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